Which condition can cause orthostatic hypotension?

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing, which can lead to dizziness or fainting. Dehydration is a particular condition that can contribute to the development of orthostatic hypotension. When the body is dehydrated, there is a reduction in blood volume since there is less fluid circulating in the bloodstream. This reduced volume can impede the body's ability to maintain adequate blood pressure when a person stands up, resulting in orthostatic hypotension.

The other conditions listed do not typically lead to orthostatic hypotension in the same way. Acid reflux primarily affects the digestive system and would not have a direct influence on blood pressure regulation. Chronic migraines are neurological events that may involve various symptoms, but they are not normally associated with changes in blood pressure upon changing body position. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, contrasts with orthostatic hypotension and generally indicates that the body maintains or elevates pressure, rather than experiencing a drop when standing.