PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Which benign tumor in the small intestine can lead to bleeding and is noted in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

1. GISTs

2. Hamartomas

3. Lipomas

4. Hemangiomas

The correct answer is: Hamartomas

The correct answer is hamartomas, particularly in the context of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which is a genetic condition characterized by the presence of multiple mucocutaneous pigmented lesions and intestinal polyps. Hamartomas are benign tumors that consist of an abnormal mixture of tissues normally found in the area where they develop. In Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, these hamartomatous polyps can occur in the small intestine and are known for their potential to cause complications such as intestinal obstruction and bleeding. In Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, the hamartomas undergo characteristic changes and can lead to significant clinical issues, including gastrointestinal bleeding due to ulceration of the polyps. This is particularly relevant when considering management and surveillance for patients with the syndrome because of their increased risk for certain malignancies and the complications associated with the polyps. Other types of benign tumors, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), lipomas, and hemangiomas have different characteristics and typically do not present with the specific pattern of complications seen with hamartomas in this syndrome. GISTs, while they can also be found in the gastrointestinal tract, are not exclusive to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and are more