PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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What are some potential complications of using a synthetic AV bridge graft?

Excessive urination
Narrowing of blood vessels and infection
Weight gain
Hematoma formation

The correct answer is: Narrowing of blood vessels and infection

Using a synthetic arteriovenous (AV) bridge graft can lead to several complications, one of which is narrowing of the blood vessels, known as stenosis. This occurs as a result of turbulent blood flow and can lead to reduced blood flow through the graft. The presence of a synthetic material in the vascular environment also carries a risk of infection. Furthermore, the body may respond to the foreign material with an inflammatory process, contributing to both stenosis and the likelihood of an infection at the graft site. While other options may present potential issues in clinical contexts, they are not direct complications associated with synthetic AV bridge grafts. For instance, excessive urination and weight gain do not correlate with the use of grafts, and hematoma formation, while a risk in surgical procedures, is not considered a specific complication of synthetic grafts compared to infection and stenosis. Understanding the specific risks associated with synthetic AV grafts is crucial for managing patient care effectively post-operatively.