PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

How does pigmented basal cell carcinoma typically appear?

1. Flat and scaly

2. Ulcerated with yellow patches

3. Similar to melanoma

4. Pearly white and dome-shaped

The correct answer is: Similar to melanoma

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma is characterized by its appearance, which can sometimes resemble that of melanoma, leading to the potential for misdiagnosis. While pigmented basal cell carcinomas have pigmentation that can make them look darker or similar to melanomas, they typically possess distinct features that set them apart. The term "pigmented" indicates that there is a level of melanin production in the tumor, which can create a brownish or blackish hue. In cases of pigmented basal cell carcinoma, the tumors may present as growths that are often dome-shaped with a smooth surface, sometimes with a pearly or waxy appearance at the edges. This is a notable distinction from melanoma, which tends to present with varied colors and irregular borders. Other options do not align well with the appearance of pigmented basal cell carcinoma. For instance, flat and scaly lesions are more characteristic of other skin conditions, while ulcerated lesions with yellow patches may indicate an advanced stage of a different type of skin cancer or infection. The description of pearly white and dome-shaped fit closely with typical presentations of basal cell carcinomas but without the pigmentation, which complicates the overall visual presentation and relates closely to the confusion with melanoma. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for proper diagnosis